Package org.djutils.draw.line

Class Ray3d

java.lang.Object
org.djutils.draw.point.Point3d
org.djutils.draw.line.Ray3d
All Implemented Interfaces:
Serializable, Directed<Ray3d>, Drawable<Point3d>, Drawable3d, Project<Point3d>, Ray<Ray3d,Point3d>, Point<Point3d>
public class Ray3d extends Point3d implements Drawable3d, Ray<Ray3d,Point3d>
Ray3d is a half-line; it has one end point with non-infinite coordinates; the other end point is infinitely far away.

Copyright (c) 2020-2024 Delft University of Technology, PO Box 5, 2600 AA, Delft, the Netherlands. All rights reserved.
BSD-style license. See DJUTILS License.

Author:
Alexander Verbraeck, Peter Knoppers
See Also:

  • Field Details

    • phi

      public final double phi
      Phi; the angle from the positive X axis direction in radians.

    • theta

      public final double theta
      Theta; the angle from the positive Z axis direction in radians.

  • Constructor Details

    • Ray3d

      public Ray3d(double x, double y, double z, double phi, double theta) throws DrawRuntimeException
      Construct a new Ray3d.
      Parameters:
      x - double; the x coordinate of the finite end point of the ray
      y - double; the y coordinate of the finite end point of the ray
      z - double; the z coordinate of the finite end point of the ray
      phi - double; the angle from the positive X axis direction in radians.
      theta - double; the angle from the positive Z axis direction in radians
      Throws:
      DrawRuntimeException - when phi is NaN

    • Ray3d

      public Ray3d(Point3d point, double phi, double theta) throws NullPointerException, DrawRuntimeException
      Construct a new Ray3d.
      Parameters:
      point - Point3d; the finite end point of the ray
      phi - double; the angle from the positive X axis direction in radians.
      theta - double; the angle from the positive Z axis direction in radians
      Throws:
      NullPointerException - when point is null
      DrawRuntimeException - when phi is NaN, or theta is NaN

    • Ray3d

      public Ray3d(double x, double y, double z, double throughX, double throughY, double throughZ) throws DrawRuntimeException
      Construct a new Ray3d.
      Parameters:
      x - double; the x coordinate of the finite end point of the ray
      y - double; the y coordinate of the finite end point of the ray
      z - double; the z coordinate of the finite end point of the ray
      throughX - double; the x coordinate of another point on the ray
      throughY - double; the y coordinate of another point on the ray
      throughZ - double; the z coordinate of another point on the ray
      Throws:
      DrawRuntimeException - when throughX == x and throughY == y

    • Ray3d

      public Ray3d(Point3d point, double throughX, double throughY, double throughZ) throws NullPointerException, DrawRuntimeException
      Construct a new Ray3d.
      Parameters:
      point - Point3d; the finite end point of the ray
      throughX - double; the x coordinate of another point on the ray
      throughY - double; the y coordinate of another point on the ray
      throughZ - double; the z coordinate of another point on the ray
      Throws:
      NullPointerException - when point is null
      DrawRuntimeException - when throughX == point.x and throughY == point.y

    • Ray3d

      public Ray3d(double x, double y, double z, Point3d throughPoint) throws NullPointerException, DrawRuntimeException
      Construct a new Ray3d.
      Parameters:
      x - double; the x coordinate of the finite end point of the ray
      y - double; the y coordinate of the finite end point of the ray
      z - double; the z coordinate of the finite end point of the ray
      throughPoint - Point3d; another point on the ray
      Throws:
      NullPointerException - when throughPoint is null
      DrawRuntimeException - when throughPoint is exactly at (x, y)

    • Ray3d

      public Ray3d(Point3d point, Point3d throughPoint) throws NullPointerException, DrawRuntimeException
      Construct a new Ray3d.
      Parameters:
      point - Point3d; the finite end point of the ray
      throughPoint - Point3d; another point on the ray
      Throws:
      NullPointerException - when point is null or throughPoint is null
      DrawRuntimeException - when throughPoint is exactly at point

  • Method Details

    • getPhi

      public final double getPhi()
      Retrieve the angle from the positive X axis direction in radians.
      Specified by:
      getPhi in interface Ray<Ray3d,Point3d>
      Returns:
      double; the angle from the positive X axis direction in radians

    • getTheta

      public final double getTheta()
      Retrieve the angle from the positive Z axis direction in radians.
      Returns:
      double; the angle from the positive Z axis direction in radians

    • getEndPoint

      public Point3d getEndPoint()
      Get the finite end point of this Ray.
      Specified by:
      getEndPoint in interface Ray<Ray3d,Point3d>
      Returns:
      P; the finite end point of this Ray

    • size

      public int size()
      Retrieve the number of points that make up the object.
      Specified by:
      size in interface Drawable<Point3d>
      Overrides:
      size in class Point3d
      Returns:
      int; the number of points that make up the object

    • getPoints

      public Iterator<Point3d> getPoints()
      Retrieve, or generate all points that make up the object.
      Specified by:
      getPoints in interface Drawable<Point3d>
      Overrides:
      getPoints in class Point3d
      Returns:
      Iterable<Point2d>; an iterator that generates all points that make up the object

    • getBounds

      public Bounds3d getBounds()
      Retrieve the bounding box of the object.
      Specified by:
      getBounds in interface Drawable3d
      Overrides:
      getBounds in class Point3d
      Returns:
      Bounds3d; the bounding box of the object

    • neg

      public Ray3d neg()
      Return a new Point with negated coordinate values.
      Specified by:
      neg in interface Directed<Ray3d>
      Specified by:
      neg in interface Point<Point3d>
      Overrides:
      neg in class Point3d
      Returns:
      Point; a new point with negated coordinate values

    • flip

      public Ray3d flip()
      Flip the direction of the Ray (creates and returns a new Ray instance).
      Specified by:
      flip in interface Ray<Ray3d,Point3d>
      Returns:
      R; Ray at the same location, but with phi incremented by π and theta (in case of a Ray3d) subtracted from π

    • getLocationExtended

      public Ray3d getLocationExtended(double position) throws DrawRuntimeException
      Get the location at a position on the line, with its direction. Position must be a positive, finite value
      Specified by:
      getLocationExtended in interface Ray<Ray3d,Point3d>
      Parameters:
      position - double; the position on the line for which to calculate the point on the line
      Returns:
      R; a ray with the same direction as this ray
      Throws:
      DrawRuntimeException - when position infinite, or NaN.

    • closestPointOnRay

      public Point3d closestPointOnRay(Point3d point) throws NullPointerException
      Project a Point on a Ray. If the the projected points lies outside the ray, the start point of the ray is returned. Otherwise the closest point on the ray is returned.
      Adapted from example code provided by Paul Bourke.
      Specified by:
      closestPointOnRay in interface Ray<Ray3d,Point3d>
      Parameters:
      point - P; the point to project onto the segment
      Returns:
      P; either the start point, or the end point of the segment or a Point2d that lies somewhere in between those two.
      Throws:
      NullPointerException - when point is null

    • projectOrthogonal

      public Point3d projectOrthogonal(Point3d point) throws NullPointerException
      Project a point onto this object. For PolyLines, there may be multiple valid solutions. In that case the solution that lies on the closest segment is returned. If there is no valid solution on the closest segment, null is returned.
      Specified by:
      projectOrthogonal in interface Project<Point3d>
      Parameters:
      point - P; the point
      Returns:
      P; the projection of the point (may be null if no sensible projection is possible). If the result is not null; the result lies somewhere on this object.
      Throws:
      NullPointerException - when point is null;

    • projectOrthogonalExtended

      public Point3d projectOrthogonalExtended(Point3d point)
      Project a point onto this object. For PolyLines, there may be multiple valid solutions. In that case the solution that lies on the closest segment is returned.
      Specified by:
      projectOrthogonalExtended in interface Project<Point3d>
      Parameters:
      point - P; the point
      Returns:
      P; the projection of the point. This result cannot be null, but it may not lie on this object, but, in stead, lie on a line, or plane that extends this object

    • projectOrthogonalFractional

      public double projectOrthogonalFractional(Point3d point) throws NullPointerException
      Project a point onto this object. For PolyLines, there may be multiple valid solutions. In that case the solution that lies on the closest segment is returned. If there is no valid solution on the closest segment, null is returned.
      Specified by:
      projectOrthogonalFractional in interface Project<Point3d>
      Parameters:
      point - P; the point
      Returns:
      double; the fractional position of the projection of the point (may be NaN if no sensible projection is possible). If the result is not null; the result lies somewhere on this object.
      Throws:
      NullPointerException - when point is null;

    • projectOrthogonalFractionalExtended

      public double projectOrthogonalFractionalExtended(Point3d point) throws NullPointerException
      Project a point onto this object. For PolyLines, there may be multiple valid solutions. In that case the solution that lies on the closest segment is returned.
      Specified by:
      projectOrthogonalFractionalExtended in interface Project<Point3d>
      Parameters:
      point - P; the point
      Returns:
      double; the fractional position of the projection of the point. This result cannot be NaN, but it may be outside the range 0.0 .. 1.0.
      Throws:
      NullPointerException - when point is null;

    • epsilonEquals

      public boolean epsilonEquals(Ray3d other, double epsilonCoordinate, double epsilonRotation) throws NullPointerException, IllegalArgumentException
      Compare this Directed with another Directed with specified tolerances in the coordinates and the angles.
      Specified by:
      epsilonEquals in interface Directed<Ray3d>
      Parameters:
      other - D; the point to compare with
      epsilonCoordinate - double; the upper bound of difference for one of the coordinates; use Double.POSITIVE_INFINITY if you do not want to check the coordinates
      epsilonRotation - double; the upper bound of difference for the direction(s); use Double.POSITIVE_INFINITY if you do not want to check the angles
      Returns:
      boolean; true if x, y, and z are less than epsilonCoordinate apart, and rotX, rotY and rotZ are less than epsilonRotation apart, otherwise false
      Throws:
      NullPointerException - when point is null
      IllegalArgumentException - epsilonCoordinate or epsilonRotation is NaN or negative

    • toString

      public String toString()
      Produce a string describing the Drawable using default conversion for the (double) coordinate values. Regrettably, it is not allowed to provide a default implementation here.
      Specified by:
      toString in interface Drawable<Point3d>
      Overrides:
      toString in class Point3d
      Returns:
      String; a string describing the Drawable

    • toString

      public String toString(String doubleFormat, boolean doNotIncludeClassName)
      Produce a String describing the Drawable.
      Specified by:
      toString in interface Drawable<Point3d>
      Overrides:
      toString in class Point3d
      Parameters:
      doubleFormat - String; a format string (something like "%6.3f") which will be used to render every coordinate value)
      doNotIncludeClassName - boolean; if true; the output of toString is not prefixed by the class name. This is useful for concatenating the textual representation of lots of Drawables (e.g. an array, or a List).
      Returns:
      String; textual representation of the Drawable

    • hashCode

      public int hashCode()
      Overrides:
      hashCode in class Point3d

    • equals

      public boolean equals(Object obj)
      Overrides:
      equals in class Point3d